Washiner
In Samegrelo, the concept of "Washiner" encompasses a wide range of taboos that have been preserved and handed down through generations. Literally meaning "the unmentioned" or "the unsaid," Washiner involves the prohibition of mentioning certain actions or objects, reflecting deep cultural and spiritual beliefs.
Washiner reflects the deep cultural heritage of Samegrelo, where taboos and prohibitions are interwoven with respect, hospitality, and the preservation of traditional values. These practices underscore the community's commitment to maintaining harmony and preventing misfortune through careful observance of cultural norms.
The word Washiner is not merely a prohibition; it signifies that certain actions or names cannot be spoken of due to their potential to bring misfortune. Derived from the word "Shinua," meaning to mention, Washiner means "not to mention." It includes all acts and things whose mention or performance can bring bad luck to a person and their family.
Washiner encompasses several types of taboos, including:
Personal Names: Prohibitions on mentioning the names of family members, especially in-laws.
Animal, Bird, and Reptile Names: Specific prohibitions on mentioning the names of various creatures.
Ritual-Related Prohibitions: Taboos connected to various cultural and religious rituals.
One notable custom is the avoidance of addressing one's in-laws by name, often leading to the changing of the daughter-in-law's name. This practice demonstrates respect and adherence to traditional values. Even today, elders observe this custom, reflecting the deep-rooted tradition of hospitality and respect for seniors.
Household Taboos
Among the household taboos, the prohibition related to fire is significant. In Samegrelo, it was forbidden to pour water on the hearth fire to extinguish it, as doing so was considered "washinersia." The hearth fire held a sacred place in the household, and cursing or swearing by it was common. The hearth fire was especially protected on Mondays and New Year's, reflecting its importance in family rituals and daily life.
Hospitality Traditions
The tradition of hospitality and respect for elders remains strong. Guests are treated with special care, including the host washing the guest's hands if they ask for water, standing and waiting for the guest to finish their drink, and standing up when elders enter the room.
Social and Cultural Respect
Women, in particular, avoid mentioning the names of their father-in-law, husband, and his relatives, showing respect and deference. This practice highlights the intricate social norms that govern behavior and communication within the family and community.
